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Khushab District
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Khanewal Districtخوشاب
Location of Khanewal within in Punjab.
Area
km²
Population () • Density
• /km²
Time zone
PST (UTC+5)
Established • District Nazim • District Naib Nazim • District Council • Number of Tehsils
• Malik Ghulam Mohammad Tiwana • • seats • 2
Main language(s)
Website
[1]
Khushab District (Urdu: خوشاب) is a rural district located in Punjab, Pakistan. According to the 1998 census, the population was 9,05,711 with 24.76% living in urban areas[1]. The district consists of 3 tehsils: Khushab, Nurpur, and Quaidabad, as well as a sub-tehsil Noshehra[2]. Khushab is home to the Heavy Water and Natural Uranium Research Reactor[3], a critical part of the Pakistan's Special Weapons Program, which has come under much heated scrutiny[4].
Contents[hide]
1 Location
2 Education
3 Art Society
4 Administration
4.1 Khushab tehsil
4.2 Noorpur Thal tehsil
5 Notable places
5.1 Main villages
5.2 Main Towns
6 Tribes
7 Geography
7.1 The Thal desert
7.2 The Soon Valley
8 Politics of the region
9 Prominent Politicians of Khushab
10 News Of District Khushab
11 The Nuclear Weaponry Program
11.1 Controversies and debates
11.2 China, a nuclear friend
12 References
//

[edit] Location
Khushab is situated between Sargodha and Mianwali, near the river Jhelum. The district is headquartered at Jauharabad (founded 1953, pop. 39,477).
Khushab is one of the most important cities especially from a defencive (atomic) point of view. The district is full of natural beauty containing Jhelum River, Fields, Mountains(Skaisar) and Thal desert. Its main towns included Quaida-bad, Jauhara-bad, Mithtawana and Nowshera. Jauharabad (atomic city) is beautiful city for residence having wide roads and streets. Neighbour cities are Sargodha, Mianwali, Bhakher, Jhelum and Jhang.

[edit] Education
The education rate is increasing in the district. The top Schools and colleges include Fauji Foundation Khusha and DPS Khushab. Now there is a campus of Arid University in Khushab.
There are many schools in the area mostly Secondary or Higher Secondary Education institutions. Students have to go to the other cities for higher education and further education. The literacy rate of Khushab is about 65% and due to recent research projects in the area, the literacy rate is increasing.

[edit] Art Society
There is one and only art society working in the area for the promotion and development of "Islamic Art", namely 'Khushab Art Society'. The most prominent personality of the city in terms of Calligraphy and advertising is 'Ustaad Noor Hussain Angvi". Ustaad Noor Hussain Angvi is the president of the society. He is a master in his skills. He has taught calligraphy to so many named personalities in the field of arts.

[edit] Administration
The district is divided into two tehsils, Khushab and Noorpur Thal, which contain a total of fifty one Union Councils[5].

[edit] Khushab tehsil
Khushab is subdivided into 41 Union Councils.
Anga
Bandial Janubi
Bijar
Botala
Chak No.14/Mb
Chak No.50/Mb
Chak No.59/Mb
Daiwal
Girote
Golewali
Gunjial Janubi
Hadali-Ii
Hadli-I
Hassanpur Tiwana
Jabi
Jauharabad-I
Jauharabad-Ii
Katha Saghral
Khabaki
Khoora
Khushab-I
Khushab-Ii
Khushab-Iv
Khushab-V
Khushb-Iii
Kufri
Kund
Mitha Tiwana
Nali Shumali
Nari
Naushera
Okhali Mohlah
Padhrar
Quaidabad
Roda
Sandral
Tilloker
Uchalli
Utra Janubi
Waheer
Warcha

[edit] Noorpur Thal tehsil
Noorpur Thal is subdivided into 10 Union Councils.
Adhi Kot
Jamali Balochan
Jaura Kalan
Jharkal
Khai Khurd
Khatwan
Noorpur
Pelowaince
Rahdari
Rangpur

[edit] Notable places
The Soon valley Sakasir is one of the most beautiful areas of the district.
There is three beautiful lakes(Ochali, Khabbaki and Sodhi Jay Wali) and a beautiful Garden Kanhatti Garden near Khabbaki village, located here in the Soon valley area is the largest forest in Khushab district.
Katha Saghral - is semi-hilly and mineral area. Dozens of minerals including coal and salt are being mined in the surrounding area of this village.
Khabikki Lake is a salt water lake in the southern Salt Range area in Pakistan. This lake is formed due to the absence of drainage in the range. Earlier its water was brackish. Now the water is sweet and a Chinese breed of fish is introduced in it.
The lake is one kilometre wide and two kilometres long. Khabikki is also the name of a neighbouring village. Boats are also available and there is a rest house beside the lake. A hill gently ascended on the right side of the lake. The lake and the green area around provide a good scenery.
Sakaser is the highest mountain in the Salt Range area in Pothohar in Pakistan. It is 1522 metre / 4946 feet high. It is situated in Khushab District but it can be seen from adjoining districts of Mianwali and Chakwal.
Uchhali Lake is just below the Sakaser mountain, it is a salt water lake in the southern Salt Range area in Pakistan. This lake is formed due to the absence of drainage in the range. Sakaser (1522 metre / 4946 feet), the highest mountain in the Salt Range, looms over the lake. Due to its brackish water the lake is lifeless. But it offers a picturesque scenery.
It is a good picnic spot and moderately tough walking point. At its top there is a radar.

[edit] Main villages
In addition to the Union Councils other main villages of the district are:
Daiwal
Bambool
Chanki
Dhak Janjua
Hamokah
Jabbi Sharif
Jara
Kalyal
Katimar
Majoka
Mehmood Shaheed
Mohibpur
Namewali
Pail-Piran
Rahdari
Shah Hussain
Shahwala
Tiba Qaim Din
Mardawal
Dhadhar
Khabaiky
Sodhi
Shakarkot
rangpur baghoor
Serhal
Chetta
Ogali
Surakki

[edit] Main Towns
Satellite Town Khushab
Satellite Town Jauharabad
New Satellite Town Jauharabad
Model Town Jauhurabad
Civil lines Jauharabad

[edit] Tribes
The population of the district is comprised of many tribes including:
Sangha
Balochs
Awans
Janjua
Johiya
Malik
Mangat
Naichs
Pirachas
Saggu
Sheikhs
Syeds
Tiwana
baghoor

[edit] Geography
Khushab consists of agricultural lowland plains, lakes, and hills. Parts of the Thal desert touch the district and the Jhelum runs alongside it making it highly fertile for agriculture. The district is rich in natural resources (salt & coal). Most people are associated with farming and agriculture. One third of the district is hilly and is dominated by Awans and other minor tribes. Since there is no agriculture in the area, this part of Khushab district has been favoured by governments since British times as being fertile ground for armed services recruitment - a majority of the population from this area goes into the armed forces. The other two parts are irrigated lands between Khushab and Quaiadabad and the desert area of tehsil noorpur thal which is dominated by Balochs. This desert area is the beginning of large Thal desert that continues into India's Rajasthan. In the 1980s the district was classified as a tax relief zone for new industries. This led to the establishment of many industries including cement, sugar, and textiles. But this exist only in the Headquarter (Jauharabad) so the benefits are getting the Elite ones. Masses have still a very hard life.

[edit] The Thal desert
For more information on the desert see Thal Desert
The Thal desert is a dry desert with scarce vegetation — mostly thorny bushes — over a breadth of 70 miles and is situated between the Indus river and the Jhelum river. But in Thal the people are very poor because the whole land is arid and depends upon the weather condition. They cultivate grains only. Most illiterate area in Punjab Province. Noor Pur Thal has ten Union councils having degree college for men and as well as for women. Thal desert is basically is a triangle between the districts of Khushab, Bhakkar, Mianwali, Jhang, Leyiha and Muzzafargarh. Mostly the area is arid the people are very poor. Thal has very hot days and pleasant nights.

[edit] The Soon Valley
For more information on the valley, see Soon Valley
The Soon Valley is the cultural hub of Awan tribe. The heirline of the Awan tribe reaches a common ancestor Qutab Shah who supposedly lived here, so the valley holds a special meaning to the tribe. One of the villages of the soon valley namely Pail piran is inhabited by the descendants of Bahauddin Zakkarya Multani ,and are Hashmite Sadats(Syeds), who's ancestor Pir Khawja Noori son of Pir Ali Qatal made many people of region embrace Islam. Pirs of Pail-Piran are closely related to Pirs of Bhera Sharif and Pir the Khara. Few leading personalities of Pail-Piran included Pir Nowbahar Shah, dr. Pir Walayat Shah(Dr.Wali Pir),Pir Kalu Shah,and lately Dr.Syed Wajid H.Pirzada.Mazar of Pir Khawja Noori is located in Pail-piran.The Soon Valley is important as a hill station after Murree in the province of Punjab. The valley has beautiful lakes and gardens.

[edit] Politics of the region
The Awan, Tiwana and Baloch families have dominated politics in Khushab, mainly because they are scattered over most of the plains of the district while other tribes are more concentrated in the valleys and the mountains.
Awan group is the biggest political party in khushab. The leader of party are Allah Baksh Sangha and Bashir Awan. This party came into being in 2000. Malik Naeem Khan was another important personality and an influential politician. He worked very hard for the development of Soon Valley. Malik Karam Bakhsh Awan of Padhrar was the famous person of the area. He founded Tanzeem-ul-Awan for the betterment of Awans. He provided his own land for the establishment of Government College Naushera.
The leader of Tiwana party, Malik Khuda Buksh Tiwana, was Chairman of Sargodha district before Khushab became a district. He then served as the first Chairman of Khushab. Later he became Provincial minister and was also elected as MNA. His younger brothers Malik Ghulam Mohammad Tiwana, Malik Ehsan Ullah Tiwana and Malik Saif Ullah Tiwana also are famous political figures.
The leader of Baloch party from thal side is Sardar Shuja Muhammad Khan Baloch. He has been MPA, MNA,and Chairman Housing Committee of Pakistan in different periods erspectively.
Malik Ghulam Mohammad Tiwana is Zila Nazim of Khushab and has served Khushab as member, National Assembly and member, Provincial Assembly.
malik Ehsan Ullah Tiwana was the first Zila Nazim of Khushab and is now the President of the Pakistan Muslim League in there. Saif Tiwana is the serving MNA.
The Tiwana party is widely known as the Awami group and have a very strong allegiance in the whole district unlike other political groups, whose popularity is confined to certain specific areas like Awans in Padhrar and the Maliks in Soon valley.
Other famous people of the Khushab district include the sitting federal minister Sumaira Malik, world renowned Neurosurgeon Dr. Ghaus Malik, Brigadier Muhammad Nazar Tiwana followed by his younger cousin brother Brigadier Muhammad Azam Tiwana and Major Ahmed Khan Tiwana (Shaheed - Kargil 1999), Tamgha-e-Basalat.
Malik Muhammad Waris Kalu is also a very important figure of the area he belongs to the desert area and very popular among the poor masses. He always love to do work for the people in Thal Desert. Malik Saleh Muhammad Gunjial MPA.(Ex Minister of Punjab).
One of the famous young political personalty is Malik Tahir Raza Baghoor , he is emerging leader of baghoor family in Tehsil Noor Poor Thal, this young person inherited politics from his family, in recent local body election , this young person lost his tehsil nazim election on toss.

[edit] Prominent Politicians of Khushab
Malik Naeem Khan Awan:-Ex Federal Minister
Malik Allah Bakhsh Sangha Awan:-President of Awan group.
Malik Ghulam Abbas Sangha Awan:- President of PML Daiwal
Malik Ghulam Rasool Sangha Awan:- Tehsil Nazim Khushab
Malik Ameer Mukhtar Sangha Awan:- Ex Chairman of District Khb.
Malik Ameer Haider Sangha Awan:- Nazim Daiwal.
Malik Umar Aslam Awan:-Ex-MNA.
Malik Bashir Awan:-Head-chief of Awan in Pakistan.
Malik Shakir Bashir Awan -A young political leader
Malik Karam Bakhsh Awan Ex-MNA.
Dr. Rafiq Ex-MPA
Malik Azam Advocat Ex-MPA (Sleeping permanently after that)
Malik Raiz AWAN:- Nazim Joharabad
Malik KhudaBuksh Tiwana
Malik Ghulam Muhammad Tiwana :-District Nazim
Malik Saleh Muhammad
Haji Ghulam Rasool Saleem: Ex Nazim. President PML(N)Khushab
Malik Tahir Raza Baghoor :Ex Teh Naib Nazim
Malik Tahir Sarfraz Awan:-joint secretary Federal Government

[edit] News Of District Khushab
The state of emergency has been imposed in country and all political activities are suspended . pml is supporting pervaiz musharf for his act . leaders of pml added,due to ongoing intense sitution in pakistan, this was necessary to bring country in normal postion and soon new election will be announced and political activities will be revived.
READERS OBSERVATIONS
DHQ HOSPITAL JAUHARABAD,
Yesterday, I came to know that the father of one my colleagues had suffered heart attack and was admitted to DHQ Hospital Joharabad. When I went to the hospital today to inquire after his health, I was told to go to the CCU Section. I was flabbergasted to see how freely everyone was approaching the CCU ward, unlike what is observed in good quality hospitals. The situation of the CCU ward itself was even worse. Numerous beds were placed together and the CCU ward was giving the look of a bus stop waiting lounge.
No one was observing silence, some stretcher's movement was making the atmosphere even more noisy. The floors were dirty and in short there was nothing that one expects in a CCU ward. It was then that I saw a cat moving into this so-called CCU ward, amazingly the hospital didn't bother to take any notice of it.
A sight like this is a slap on the face of our government when they boast of their achievements. This is when one comes to understand that sometimes money can buy you health. We don't need the nuclear arms for our protection, we need a healthier Pakistan where as long as one should live he lives a healthy life. The statement of Pervez Eahi that runs on Geo several times a day strikes me ironically, "Hur kadam khushhali ki jaanib."
-Talal Hussain Malik Malik Bilal Ahmed Awan

[edit] The Nuclear Weaponry Program
A stark intervention of prying eyes of a privately owned satellite, at the eve of President Bill Clinton's arrival to the Indian Sub-continent, captured a nuclear weapons base in Khushab in 2000 and declared that Nuclear Weaponry Program in Pakistan was second only to the United States.

[edit] Controversies and debates
On March 21, 2000, the Christian Science Monitor published an article written by Alexander Colhoun, a high-resolution aerial satellite photo revealed a nuclear reactor and a missile base in the city of Khushab. These pictures had mixed views, one of the expression of power that could shackle or reshape diplomatic landscapes[6] of a region and another of the ethical question about the usage of satellite imagery in terms of privacy and national sovereignty of a nuclear-capable nation. The report was published at a time when American President Bill Clinton was due to visit India and sparked concerns worldwide. It was later clearly stated in the Dawn newspaper on June 14, 2000 that this particular nuclear reactor at Khushab and its reprocessing plant were generating between 8 to 10 kilograms of weapons-grade plutonium per year, dedicated for military use.

[edit] China, a nuclear friend
Some reports around the time of the satellite imagery stunt revealed that China is helping Pakistan mount nuclear warheads atop mobile M-11 missiles for which garages were supposedly build underground at Sargodha. If the case be, Pakistan had a head-start in the nuclear game. John E. Pike, spokesperson for the Federation of American Scientists told a press conference nuclear powers, in the past, or presumed nuclear powers, except the U.S., had only one organisation for making uranium and plutonium bombs because of the high costs involved but, Pakistan had two.